What is an Ovarian Cyst? - MCN Network - Find Help Near You
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Ovarian Cyst

The biological process marking the end of reproductive years and typically occurs between the ages of 45 and 55 with an average onset around 51. Menopause is characterized by the cessation of menstrual cycles and the decline in ovarian function. Menopause is diagnosed after 12 consecutive months without menstruation. The hormonal changes associated with menopause, particularly a decline in estrogen levels, lead to various physical and emotional symptoms, which may impact quality of life.

Key Features:

  • Types of Ovarian Cysts:
    • Functional Cysts: Develop as part of the normal menstrual cycle and include follicular cysts and corpus luteum cysts.
    • Pathological Cysts: Result from abnormal cell growth and include dermoid cysts, endometriomas, and cystadenomas.
  • Causes:
    • Functional cysts form when follicles in the ovary fail to rupture and release an egg or when the corpus luteum persists after ovulation.
    • Pathological cysts may develop due to hormonal imbalances, endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), or other underlying conditions.
  • Symptoms:
    • Most ovarian cysts are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally during routine pelvic exams or imaging studies.
    • Symptoms, when present, may include pelvic pain or discomfort, bloating, pressure, abdominal swelling, changes in menstrual patterns, pain during intercourse, or urinary urgency or frequency.
  • Diagnosis:
    • Ovarian cysts may be diagnosed during a pelvic exam, ultrasound, or other imaging studies, such as MRI or CT scan.
    • Blood tests may be performed to evaluate hormone levels or tumor markers, particularly if there is concern about malignancy.
  • Treatment:
    • Many ovarian cysts resolve on their own without treatment and require only monitoring.
    • Treatment options for symptomatic or complex cysts may include watchful waiting, pain management, hormonal birth control to prevent new cysts from forming, or surgical removal (cystectomy) in cases of large, persistent, or suspicious cysts.
  • Complications:
    • Complications of ovarian cysts may include rupture, torsion (twisting), hemorrhage, or malignant transformation.
    • Ruptured cysts can cause sudden, severe abdominal pain and may lead to internal bleeding or infection, requiring prompt medical attention.

 

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