Mifepristone
A synthetic steroid compound that acts as a selective progesterone receptor antagonist. Mifepristone blocks the action of progesterone, a hormone necessary for maintaining pregnancy, leading to the detachment of the embryo / fetus from the uterine lining and softening of the cervix. This process is followed by the administration of misoprostol, a prostaglandin analog, which induces contractions and facilitates the expulsion of the pregnancy. It is important to get an ultrasound and know where your pregnancy is in case there is a tubal pregnancy.
Key Features:
- Mechanism of Action:
- Mifepristone binds to progesterone receptors, blocking the action of progesterone.
- Progesterone is essential for maintaining the uterine lining and supporting pregnancy. Without progesterone, the uterine lining breaks down, and contractions are induced, leading to the expulsion of the fetus.
- Indications:
- Used for medical abortion up to 10 weeks gestation (70 days from the first day of the last menstrual period).
- Sometimes used in combination with other medications for cervical ripening before surgical abortion procedures.
- Investigational uses include treatment of certain endocrine disorders and cancers.
- Side Effects:
- Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, uterine cramping, and vaginal bleeding.
- Serious complications are rare but can include heavy or prolonged bleeding, infection, incomplete abortion, and allergic reactions.
Online References:
- Mayo Clinic: Provides an overview of medication abortion, including the medications used, how they work, and what to expect during and after the procedure.
- AAPLOG: Provides a closer look at chemical abortion.
- Lozier Institute: Provides more indepth information about Mifepristone.